diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/__init__.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/__init__.py
index ecc9c69..6ae7511 100644
--- a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/__init__.py
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/__init__.py
@@ -17,16 +17,18 @@ import certifi, colorama, nodriver
 from ruamel.yaml import YAML
 from wcmatch import glob
 
-from . import utils, resources, extract
-from .i18n import Locale, get_current_locale, set_current_locale, get_translating_logger, pluralize
-from .utils import abspath, ainput, apply_defaults, ensure, is_frozen, safe_get, parse_datetime, calculate_content_hash
-from .web_scraping_mixin import By, Element, Page, Is, WebScrapingMixin
+from . import extract, resources
+from .ads import calculate_content_hash
+from .utils import dicts, error_handlers, loggers, misc
+from .utils.files import abspath
+from .utils.i18n import Locale, get_current_locale, set_current_locale, pluralize
+from .utils.misc import ainput, ensure, is_frozen, parse_datetime, parse_decimal
+from .utils.web_scraping_mixin import By, Element, Page, Is, WebScrapingMixin
 from ._version import __version__
 
 # W0406: possibly a bug, see https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/issues/3933
 
-LOG_ROOT:Final[logging.Logger] = logging.getLogger()
-LOG:Final[logging.Logger] = get_translating_logger(__name__)
+LOG:Final[logging.Logger] = loggers.get_logger(__name__)
 LOG.setLevel(logging.INFO)
 
 colorama.just_fix_windows_console()
@@ -59,7 +61,8 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
 
     def __del__(self) -> None:
         if self.file_log:
-            LOG_ROOT.removeHandler(self.file_log)
+            self.file_log.flush()
+            loggers.LOG_ROOT.removeHandler(self.file_log)
             self.file_log.close()
         self.close_browser_session()
 
@@ -258,7 +261,7 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
         self.file_log = RotatingFileHandler(filename = self.log_file_path, maxBytes = 10 * 1024 * 1024, backupCount = 10, encoding = "utf-8")
         self.file_log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
         self.file_log.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(message)s"))
-        LOG_ROOT.addHandler(self.file_log)
+        loggers.LOG_ROOT.addHandler(self.file_log)
 
         LOG.info("App version: %s", self.get_version())
         LOG.info("Python version: %s", sys.version)
@@ -333,13 +336,13 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
             LOG.info('Start fetch task for the ad(s) with id(s):')
             LOG.info(' | '.join([str(id_) for id_ in ids]))
 
-        ad_fields = utils.load_dict_from_module(resources, "ad_fields.yaml")
+        ad_fields = dicts.load_dict_from_module(resources, "ad_fields.yaml")
         ads = []
         for ad_file, ad_file_relative in sorted(ad_files.items()):
-            ad_cfg_orig = utils.load_dict(ad_file, "ad")
+            ad_cfg_orig = dicts.load_dict(ad_file, "ad")
             ad_cfg = copy.deepcopy(ad_cfg_orig)
-            apply_defaults(ad_cfg, self.config["ad_defaults"], ignore = lambda k, _: k == "description", override = lambda _, v: v == "")
-            apply_defaults(ad_cfg, ad_fields)
+            dicts.apply_defaults(ad_cfg, self.config["ad_defaults"], ignore = lambda k, _: k == "description", override = lambda _, v: v == "")
+            dicts.apply_defaults(ad_cfg, ad_fields)
 
             if ignore_inactive and not ad_cfg["active"]:
                 LOG.info(" -> SKIPPED: inactive ad [%s]", ad_file_relative)
@@ -365,13 +368,13 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
 
             # pylint: disable=cell-var-from-loop
             def assert_one_of(path:str, allowed:Iterable[str]) -> None:
-                ensure(safe_get(ad_cfg, *path.split(".")) in allowed, f"-> property [{path}] must be one of: {allowed} @ [{ad_file}]")
+                ensure(dicts.safe_get(ad_cfg, *path.split(".")) in allowed, f"-> property [{path}] must be one of: {allowed} @ [{ad_file}]")
 
             def assert_min_len(path:str, minlen:int) -> None:
-                ensure(len(safe_get(ad_cfg, *path.split("."))) >= minlen, f"-> property [{path}] must be at least {minlen} characters long @ [{ad_file}]")
+                ensure(len(dicts.safe_get(ad_cfg, *path.split("."))) >= minlen, f"-> property [{path}] must be at least {minlen} characters long @ [{ad_file}]")
 
             def assert_has_value(path:str) -> None:
-                ensure(safe_get(ad_cfg, *path.split(".")), f"-> property [{path}] not specified @ [{ad_file}]")
+                ensure(dicts.safe_get(ad_cfg, *path.split(".")), f"-> property [{path}] not specified @ [{ad_file}]")
             # pylint: enable=cell-var-from-loop
 
             assert_one_of("type", {"OFFER", "WANTED"})
@@ -379,7 +382,7 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
             assert_has_value("description")
             assert_one_of("price_type", {"FIXED", "NEGOTIABLE", "GIVE_AWAY", "NOT_APPLICABLE"})
             if ad_cfg["price_type"] == "GIVE_AWAY":
-                ensure(not safe_get(ad_cfg, "price"), f"-> [price] must not be specified for GIVE_AWAY ad @ [{ad_file}]")
+                ensure(not dicts.safe_get(ad_cfg, "price"), f"-> [price] must not be specified for GIVE_AWAY ad @ [{ad_file}]")
             elif ad_cfg["price_type"] == "FIXED":
                 assert_has_value("price")
 
@@ -405,7 +408,7 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
                     ad_cfg["category"] = resolved_category_id
 
             if ad_cfg["shipping_costs"]:
-                ad_cfg["shipping_costs"] = str(round(utils.parse_decimal(ad_cfg["shipping_costs"]), 2))
+                ad_cfg["shipping_costs"] = str(round(misc.parse_decimal(ad_cfg["shipping_costs"]), 2))
 
             if ad_cfg["images"]:
                 images = []
@@ -433,18 +436,18 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
         return ads
 
     def load_config(self) -> None:
-        config_defaults = utils.load_dict_from_module(resources, "config_defaults.yaml")
-        config = utils.load_dict_if_exists(self.config_file_path, _("config"))
+        config_defaults = dicts.load_dict_from_module(resources, "config_defaults.yaml")
+        config = dicts.load_dict_if_exists(self.config_file_path, _("config"))
 
         if config is None:
             LOG.warning("Config file %s does not exist. Creating it with default values...", self.config_file_path)
-            utils.save_dict(self.config_file_path, config_defaults)
+            dicts.save_dict(self.config_file_path, config_defaults)
             config = {}
 
-        self.config = apply_defaults(config, config_defaults)
+        self.config = dicts.apply_defaults(config, config_defaults)
 
-        self.categories = utils.load_dict_from_module(resources, "categories.yaml", "categories")
-        deprecated_categories = utils.load_dict_from_module(resources, "categories_old.yaml", "categories")
+        self.categories = dicts.load_dict_from_module(resources, "categories.yaml", "categories")
+        deprecated_categories = dicts.load_dict_from_module(resources, "categories_old.yaml", "categories")
         self.categories.update(deprecated_categories)
         if self.config["categories"]:
             self.categories.update(self.config["categories"])
@@ -675,7 +678,7 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
                 await self.web_select(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "select#price-type-react, select#micro-frontend-price-type, select#priceType", price_type)
             except TimeoutError:
                 pass
-            if safe_get(ad_cfg, "price"):
+            if dicts.safe_get(ad_cfg, "price"):
                 await self.web_input(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "input#post-ad-frontend-price, input#micro-frontend-price, input#pstad-price", ad_cfg["price"])
 
         #############################
@@ -797,7 +800,7 @@ class KleinanzeigenBot(WebScrapingMixin):
 
         LOG.info(" -> SUCCESS: ad published with ID %s", ad_id)
 
-        utils.save_dict(ad_file, ad_cfg_orig)
+        dicts.save_dict(ad_file, ad_cfg_orig)
 
     async def __set_condition(self, condition_value: str) -> None:
         condition_mapping = {
@@ -1047,11 +1050,11 @@ def main(args:list[str]) -> None:
                                  https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot
         """)[1:], flush = True)  # [1:] removes the first empty blank line
 
-    utils.configure_console_logging()
+    loggers.configure_console_logging()
 
-    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, utils.on_sigint)  # capture CTRL+C
-    sys.excepthook = utils.on_exception
-    atexit.register(utils.on_exit)
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, error_handlers.on_sigint)  # capture CTRL+C
+    sys.excepthook = error_handlers.on_exception
+    atexit.register(loggers.flush_all_handlers)
 
     bot = KleinanzeigenBot()
     atexit.register(bot.close_browser_session)
@@ -1059,6 +1062,6 @@ def main(args:list[str]) -> None:
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    utils.configure_console_logging()
+    loggers.configure_console_logging()
     LOG.error("Direct execution not supported. Use 'pdm run app'")
     sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/ads.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/ads.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0eb35a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/ads.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Jens Bergman and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import json, os, hashlib
+from typing import Any
+
+
+def calculate_content_hash(ad_cfg: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    """Calculate a hash for user-modifiable fields of the ad."""
+
+    # Relevant fields for the hash
+    content = {
+        "active": bool(ad_cfg.get("active", True)),  # Explicitly convert to bool
+        "type": str(ad_cfg.get("type", "")),  # Explicitly convert to string
+        "title": str(ad_cfg.get("title", "")),
+        "description": str(ad_cfg.get("description", "")),
+        "category": str(ad_cfg.get("category", "")),
+        "price": str(ad_cfg.get("price", "")),  # Price always as string
+        "price_type": str(ad_cfg.get("price_type", "")),
+        "special_attributes": dict(ad_cfg.get("special_attributes") or {}),  # Handle None case
+        "shipping_type": str(ad_cfg.get("shipping_type", "")),
+        "shipping_costs": str(ad_cfg.get("shipping_costs", "")),
+        "shipping_options": sorted([str(x) for x in (ad_cfg.get("shipping_options") or [])]),  # Handle None case
+        "sell_directly": bool(ad_cfg.get("sell_directly", False)),  # Explicitly convert to bool
+        "images": sorted([os.path.basename(str(img)) if img is not None else "" for img in (ad_cfg.get("images") or [])]),  # Handle None values in images
+        "contact": {
+            "name": str(ad_cfg.get("contact", {}).get("name", "")),
+            "street": str(ad_cfg.get("contact", {}).get("street", "")),  # Changed from "None" to empty string for consistency
+            "zipcode": str(ad_cfg.get("contact", {}).get("zipcode", "")),
+            "phone": str(ad_cfg.get("contact", {}).get("phone", ""))
+        }
+    }
+
+    # Create sorted JSON string for consistent hashes
+    content_str = json.dumps(content, sort_keys = True)
+    return hashlib.sha256(content_str.encode()).hexdigest()
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/extract.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/extract.py
index 7d87df9..c8f97a4 100644
--- a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/extract.py
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/extract.py
@@ -3,22 +3,20 @@ SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
 SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
 """
-import logging, os, shutil
+import json, mimetypes, os, shutil
 import urllib.request as urllib_request
-import mimetypes
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Any, Final
-import json
 
-from .i18n import get_translating_logger, pluralize
-from .utils import is_integer, parse_decimal, save_dict, calculate_content_hash
-from .web_scraping_mixin import Browser, By, Element, Is, WebScrapingMixin
+from .ads import calculate_content_hash
+from .utils import dicts, i18n, loggers, misc, reflect
+from .utils.web_scraping_mixin import Browser, By, Element, Is, WebScrapingMixin
 
 __all__ = [
     "AdExtractor",
 ]
 
-LOG:Final[logging.Logger] = get_translating_logger(__name__)
+LOG:Final[loggers.Logger] = loggers.get_logger(__name__)
 
 
 class AdExtractor(WebScrapingMixin):
@@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ class AdExtractor(WebScrapingMixin):
         # call extraction function
         info = await self._extract_ad_page_info(new_base_dir, ad_id)
         ad_file_path = new_base_dir + '/' + f'ad_{ad_id}.yaml'
-        save_dict(ad_file_path, info)
+        dicts.save_dict(ad_file_path, info)
 
     async def _download_images_from_ad_page(self, directory:str, ad_id:int) -> list[str]:
         """
@@ -74,7 +72,7 @@ class AdExtractor(WebScrapingMixin):
             image_box = await self.web_find(By.CLASS_NAME, 'galleryimage-large')
 
             n_images = len(await self.web_find_all(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.galleryimage-element[data-ix]', parent = image_box))
-            LOG.info('Found %s.', pluralize("image", n_images))
+            LOG.info('Found %s.', i18n.pluralize("image", n_images))
 
             img_element:Element = await self.web_find(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'div:nth-child(1) > img', parent = image_box)
             img_fn_prefix = 'ad_' + str(ad_id) + '__img'
@@ -106,7 +104,7 @@ class AdExtractor(WebScrapingMixin):
                         LOG.error('NEXT button in image gallery somehow missing, aborting image fetching.')
                         break
                 img_nr += 1
-            LOG.info('Downloaded %s.', pluralize("image", dl_counter))
+            LOG.info('Downloaded %s.', i18n.pluralize("image", dl_counter))
 
         except TimeoutError:  # some ads do not require images
             LOG.warning('No image area found. Continuing without downloading images.')
@@ -193,7 +191,7 @@ class AdExtractor(WebScrapingMixin):
         Navigates to an ad page specified with an ad ID; or alternatively by a given URL.
         :return: whether the navigation to the ad page was successful
         """
-        if is_integer(id_or_url):
+        if reflect.is_integer(id_or_url):
             # navigate to start page, otherwise page can be None!
             await self.web_open('https://www.kleinanzeigen.de/')
             # enter the ad ID into the search bar
@@ -349,7 +347,7 @@ class AdExtractor(WebScrapingMixin):
             elif '€' in shipping_text:
                 shipping_price_parts = shipping_text.split(' ')
                 ship_type = 'SHIPPING'
-                ship_costs = float(parse_decimal(shipping_price_parts[-2]))
+                ship_costs = float(misc.parse_decimal(shipping_price_parts[-2]))
 
                 # reading shipping option from kleinanzeigen
                 # and find the right one by price
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 7703d3f..0000000
--- a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,366 +0,0 @@
-"""
-SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
-SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
-SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
-"""
-import asyncio, copy, decimal, inspect, json, logging, os, re, socket, sys, traceback, time, hashlib
-from importlib.resources import read_text as get_resource_as_string
-from collections.abc import Callable
-from datetime import datetime
-from gettext import gettext as _
-from types import FrameType, ModuleType, TracebackType
-from typing import Any, Final, TypeVar
-
-import colorama
-from ruamel.yaml import YAML
-from .i18n import get_translating_logger
-
-LOG_ROOT:Final[logging.Logger] = logging.getLogger()
-LOG:Final[logging.Logger] = get_translating_logger(__name__)
-
-# https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/generics.html#generic-functions
-T = TypeVar('T')
-
-
-def abspath(relative_path:str, relative_to:str | None = None) -> str:
-    """
-    Makes a given relative path absolute based on another file/folder
-    """
-    if os.path.isabs(relative_path):
-        return relative_path
-
-    if not relative_to:
-        return os.path.abspath(relative_path)
-
-    if os.path.isfile(relative_to):
-        relative_to = os.path.dirname(relative_to)
-
-    return os.path.normpath(os.path.join(relative_to, relative_path))
-
-
-def ensure(condition:Any | bool | Callable[[], bool], error_message:str, timeout:float = 5, poll_requency:float = 0.5) -> None:
-    """
-    :param timeout: timespan in seconds until when the condition must become `True`, default is 5 seconds
-    :param poll_requency: sleep interval between calls in seconds, default is 0.5 seconds
-    :raises AssertionError: if condition did not come `True` within given timespan
-    """
-    if not isinstance(condition, Callable):  # type: ignore[arg-type] # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/6864
-        if condition:
-            return
-        raise AssertionError(_(error_message))
-
-    if timeout < 0:
-        raise AssertionError("[timeout] must be >= 0")
-    if poll_requency < 0:
-        raise AssertionError("[poll_requency] must be >= 0")
-
-    start_at = time.time()
-    while not condition():  # type: ignore[operator]
-        elapsed = time.time() - start_at
-        if elapsed >= timeout:
-            raise AssertionError(_(error_message))
-        time.sleep(poll_requency)
-
-
-def get_caller(depth: int = 1) -> inspect.FrameInfo | None:
-    stack = inspect.stack()
-    try:
-        for frame in stack[depth + 1:]:
-            if frame.function and frame.function != "<lambda>":
-                return frame
-        return None
-    finally:
-        del stack  # Clean up the stack to avoid reference cycles
-
-
-def is_frozen() -> bool:
-    """
-    >>> is_frozen()
-    False
-    """
-    return getattr(sys, "frozen", False)
-
-
-def is_integer(obj:Any) -> bool:
-    try:
-        int(obj)
-        return True
-    except (ValueError, TypeError):
-        return False
-
-
-def is_port_open(host:str, port:int) -> bool:
-    try:
-        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-        s.settimeout(1)
-        s.connect((host, port))
-        return True
-    except Exception:
-        return False
-    finally:
-        s.close()
-
-
-async def ainput(prompt: str) -> str:
-    return await asyncio.to_thread(input, f'{prompt} ')
-
-
-def apply_defaults(
-    target:dict[Any, Any],
-    defaults:dict[Any, Any],
-    ignore:Callable[[Any, Any], bool] = lambda _k, _v: False,
-    override:Callable[[Any, Any], bool] = lambda _k, _v: False
-) -> dict[Any, Any]:
-    """
-    >>> apply_defaults({}, {"foo": "bar"})
-    {'foo': 'bar'}
-    >>> apply_defaults({"foo": "foo"}, {"foo": "bar"})
-    {'foo': 'foo'}
-    >>> apply_defaults({"foo": ""}, {"foo": "bar"})
-    {'foo': ''}
-    >>> apply_defaults({}, {"foo": "bar"}, ignore = lambda k, _: k == "foo")
-    {}
-    >>> apply_defaults({"foo": ""}, {"foo": "bar"}, override = lambda _, v: v == "")
-    {'foo': 'bar'}
-    >>> apply_defaults({"foo": None}, {"foo": "bar"}, override = lambda _, v: v == "")
-    {'foo': None}
-    """
-    for key, default_value in defaults.items():
-        if key in target:
-            if isinstance(target[key], dict) and isinstance(default_value, dict):
-                apply_defaults(target[key], default_value, ignore = ignore)
-            elif override(key, target[key]):
-                target[key] = copy.deepcopy(default_value)
-        elif not ignore(key, default_value):
-            target[key] = copy.deepcopy(default_value)
-    return target
-
-
-def safe_get(a_map:dict[Any, Any], *keys:str) -> Any:
-    """
-    >>> safe_get({"foo": {}}, "foo", "bar") is None
-    True
-    >>> safe_get({"foo": {"bar": "some_value"}}, "foo", "bar")
-    'some_value'
-    """
-    if a_map:
-        for key in keys:
-            try:
-                a_map = a_map[key]
-            except (KeyError, TypeError):
-                return None
-    return a_map
-
-
-def configure_console_logging() -> None:
-
-    class CustomFormatter(logging.Formatter):
-        LEVEL_COLORS = {
-            logging.DEBUG: colorama.Fore.BLACK + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
-            logging.INFO: colorama.Fore.BLACK + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
-            logging.WARNING: colorama.Fore.YELLOW,
-            logging.ERROR: colorama.Fore.RED,
-            logging.CRITICAL: colorama.Fore.RED,
-        }
-        MESSAGE_COLORS = {
-            logging.DEBUG: colorama.Fore.BLACK + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
-            logging.INFO: colorama.Fore.RESET,
-            logging.WARNING: colorama.Fore.YELLOW,
-            logging.ERROR: colorama.Fore.RED,
-            logging.CRITICAL: colorama.Fore.RED + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
-        }
-        VALUE_COLORS = {
-            logging.DEBUG: colorama.Fore.BLACK + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
-            logging.INFO: colorama.Fore.MAGENTA,
-            logging.WARNING: colorama.Fore.MAGENTA,
-            logging.ERROR: colorama.Fore.MAGENTA,
-            logging.CRITICAL: colorama.Fore.MAGENTA,
-        }
-
-        def format(self, record:logging.LogRecord) -> str:
-            record = copy.deepcopy(record)
-
-            level_color = self.LEVEL_COLORS.get(record.levelno, "")
-            msg_color = self.MESSAGE_COLORS.get(record.levelno, "")
-            value_color = self.VALUE_COLORS.get(record.levelno, "")
-
-            # translate and colorize log level name
-            levelname = _(record.levelname) if record.levelno > logging.DEBUG else record.levelname
-            record.levelname = f"{level_color}[{levelname}]{colorama.Style.RESET_ALL}"
-
-            # highlight message values enclosed by [...], "...", and '...'
-            record.msg = re.sub(
-                r"\[([^\]]+)\]|\"([^\"]+)\"|\'([^\']+)\'",
-                lambda match: f"[{value_color}{match.group(1) or match.group(2) or match.group(3)}{colorama.Fore.RESET}{msg_color}]",
-                str(record.msg),
-            )
-
-            # colorize message
-            record.msg = f"{msg_color}{record.msg}{colorama.Style.RESET_ALL}"
-
-            return super().format(record)
-
-    formatter = CustomFormatter("%(levelname)s %(message)s")
-
-    stdout_log = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
-    stdout_log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
-    stdout_log.addFilter(type("", (logging.Filter,), {
-        "filter": lambda rec: rec.levelno <= logging.INFO
-    }))
-    stdout_log.setFormatter(formatter)
-    LOG_ROOT.addHandler(stdout_log)
-
-    stderr_log = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
-    stderr_log.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
-    stderr_log.setFormatter(formatter)
-    LOG_ROOT.addHandler(stderr_log)
-
-
-def on_exception(ex_type:type[BaseException], ex_value:Any, ex_traceback:TracebackType | None) -> None:
-    if issubclass(ex_type, KeyboardInterrupt):
-        sys.__excepthook__(ex_type, ex_value, ex_traceback)
-    elif LOG.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG) or isinstance(ex_value, (AttributeError, ImportError, NameError, TypeError)):
-        LOG.error("".join(traceback.format_exception(ex_type, ex_value, ex_traceback)))
-    elif isinstance(ex_value, AssertionError):
-        LOG.error(ex_value)
-    else:
-        LOG.error("%s: %s", ex_type.__name__, ex_value)
-
-
-def on_exit() -> None:
-    for handler in LOG_ROOT.handlers:
-        handler.flush()
-
-
-def on_sigint(_sig:int, _frame:FrameType | None) -> None:
-    LOG.warning("Aborted on user request.")
-    sys.exit(0)
-
-
-def load_dict(filepath:str, content_label:str = "") -> dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    :raises FileNotFoundError
-    """
-    data = load_dict_if_exists(filepath, content_label)
-    if data is None:
-        raise FileNotFoundError(filepath)
-    return data
-
-
-def load_dict_if_exists(filepath:str, content_label:str = "") -> dict[str, Any] | None:
-    abs_filepath = os.path.abspath(filepath)
-    LOG.info("Loading %s[%s]...", content_label and content_label + _(" from ") or "", abs_filepath)
-
-    __, file_ext = os.path.splitext(filepath)
-    if file_ext not in (".json", ".yaml", ".yml"):
-        raise ValueError(_('Unsupported file type. The filename "%s" must end with *.json, *.yaml, or *.yml') % filepath)
-
-    if not os.path.exists(filepath):
-        return None
-
-    with open(filepath, encoding = "utf-8") as file:
-        return json.load(file) if filepath.endswith(".json") else YAML().load(file)  # type: ignore[no-any-return] # mypy
-
-
-def load_dict_from_module(module:ModuleType, filename:str, content_label:str = "") -> dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    :raises FileNotFoundError
-    """
-    LOG.debug("Loading %s[%s.%s]...", content_label and content_label + " from " or "", module.__name__, filename)
-
-    __, file_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
-    if file_ext not in (".json", ".yaml", ".yml"):
-        raise ValueError(f'Unsupported file type. The filename "{filename}" must end with *.json, *.yaml, or *.yml')
-
-    content = get_resource_as_string(module, filename)  # pylint: disable=deprecated-method
-    return json.loads(content) if filename.endswith(".json") else YAML().load(content)  # type: ignore[no-any-return] # mypy
-
-
-def save_dict(filepath:str, content:dict[str, Any]) -> None:
-    filepath = os.path.abspath(filepath)
-    LOG.info("Saving [%s]...", filepath)
-    with open(filepath, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as file:
-        if filepath.endswith(".json"):
-            file.write(json.dumps(content, indent = 2, ensure_ascii = False))
-        else:
-            yaml = YAML()
-            yaml.indent(mapping = 2, sequence = 4, offset = 2)
-            yaml.representer.add_representer(str,  # use YAML | block style for multi-line strings
-                lambda dumper, data:
-                    dumper.represent_scalar('tag:yaml.org,2002:str', data, style = '|' if '\n' in data else None)
-            )
-            yaml.allow_duplicate_keys = False
-            yaml.explicit_start = False
-            yaml.dump(content, file)
-
-
-def parse_decimal(number:float | int | str) -> decimal.Decimal:
-    """
-    >>> parse_decimal(5)
-    Decimal('5')
-    >>> parse_decimal(5.5)
-    Decimal('5.5')
-    >>> parse_decimal("5.5")
-    Decimal('5.5')
-    >>> parse_decimal("5,5")
-    Decimal('5.5')
-    >>> parse_decimal("1.005,5")
-    Decimal('1005.5')
-    >>> parse_decimal("1,005.5")
-    Decimal('1005.5')
-    """
-    try:
-        return decimal.Decimal(number)
-    except decimal.InvalidOperation as ex:
-        parts = re.split("[.,]", str(number))
-        try:
-            return decimal.Decimal("".join(parts[:-1]) + "." + parts[-1])
-        except decimal.InvalidOperation:
-            raise decimal.DecimalException(f"Invalid number format: {number}") from ex
-
-
-def parse_datetime(date:datetime | str | None) -> datetime | None:
-    """
-    >>> parse_datetime(datetime(2020, 1, 1, 0, 0))
-    datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 1, 0, 0)
-    >>> parse_datetime("2020-01-01T00:00:00")
-    datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 1, 0, 0)
-    >>> parse_datetime(None)
-
-    """
-    if date is None:
-        return None
-    if isinstance(date, datetime):
-        return date
-    return datetime.fromisoformat(date)
-
-
-def calculate_content_hash(ad_cfg: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
-    """Calculate a hash for user-modifiable fields of the ad."""
-
-    # Relevant fields for the hash
-    content = {
-        "active": bool(ad_cfg.get("active", True)),  # Explicitly convert to bool
-        "type": str(ad_cfg.get("type", "")),  # Explicitly convert to string
-        "title": str(ad_cfg.get("title", "")),
-        "description": str(ad_cfg.get("description", "")),
-        "category": str(ad_cfg.get("category", "")),
-        "price": str(ad_cfg.get("price", "")),  # Price always as string
-        "price_type": str(ad_cfg.get("price_type", "")),
-        "special_attributes": dict(ad_cfg.get("special_attributes") or {}),  # Handle None case
-        "shipping_type": str(ad_cfg.get("shipping_type", "")),
-        "shipping_costs": str(ad_cfg.get("shipping_costs", "")),
-        "shipping_options": sorted([str(x) for x in (ad_cfg.get("shipping_options") or [])]),  # Handle None case
-        "sell_directly": bool(ad_cfg.get("sell_directly", False)),  # Explicitly convert to bool
-        "images": sorted([os.path.basename(str(img)) if img is not None else "" for img in (ad_cfg.get("images") or [])]),  # Handle None values in images
-        "contact": {
-            "name": str(ad_cfg.get("contact", {}).get("name", "")),
-            "street": str(ad_cfg.get("contact", {}).get("street", "")),  # Changed from "None" to empty string for consistency
-            "zipcode": str(ad_cfg.get("contact", {}).get("zipcode", "")),
-            "phone": str(ad_cfg.get("contact", {}).get("phone", ""))
-        }
-    }
-
-    # Create sorted JSON string for consistent hashes
-    content_str = json.dumps(content, sort_keys=True)
-    return hashlib.sha256(content_str.encode()).hexdigest()
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/__init__.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51a4f69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+"""
+This module contains generic, reusable code.
+"""
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/dicts.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/dicts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73ea914
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/dicts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import copy, json, os
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from importlib.resources import read_text as get_resource_as_string
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from types import ModuleType
+from typing import Any, Final
+
+from ruamel.yaml import YAML
+from . import files, loggers  # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+
+LOG:Final[loggers.Logger] = loggers.get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+def apply_defaults(
+    target:dict[Any, Any],
+    defaults:dict[Any, Any],
+    ignore:Callable[[Any, Any], bool] = lambda _k, _v: False,
+    override:Callable[[Any, Any], bool] = lambda _k, _v: False
+) -> dict[Any, Any]:
+    """
+    >>> apply_defaults({}, {"foo": "bar"})
+    {'foo': 'bar'}
+    >>> apply_defaults({"foo": "foo"}, {"foo": "bar"})
+    {'foo': 'foo'}
+    >>> apply_defaults({"foo": ""}, {"foo": "bar"})
+    {'foo': ''}
+    >>> apply_defaults({}, {"foo": "bar"}, ignore = lambda k, _: k == "foo")
+    {}
+    >>> apply_defaults({"foo": ""}, {"foo": "bar"}, override = lambda _, v: v == "")
+    {'foo': 'bar'}
+    >>> apply_defaults({"foo": None}, {"foo": "bar"}, override = lambda _, v: v == "")
+    {'foo': None}
+    """
+    for key, default_value in defaults.items():
+        if key in target:
+            if isinstance(target[key], dict) and isinstance(default_value, dict):
+                apply_defaults(target[key], default_value, ignore = ignore)
+            elif override(key, target[key]):
+                target[key] = copy.deepcopy(default_value)
+        elif not ignore(key, default_value):
+            target[key] = copy.deepcopy(default_value)
+    return target
+
+
+def load_dict(filepath:str, content_label:str = "") -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    :raises FileNotFoundError
+    """
+    data = load_dict_if_exists(filepath, content_label)
+    if data is None:
+        raise FileNotFoundError(filepath)
+    return data
+
+
+def load_dict_if_exists(filepath:str, content_label:str = "") -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    abs_filepath = files.abspath(filepath)
+    LOG.info("Loading %s[%s]...", content_label and content_label + _(" from ") or "", abs_filepath)
+
+    __, file_ext = os.path.splitext(filepath)
+    if file_ext not in (".json", ".yaml", ".yml"):
+        raise ValueError(_('Unsupported file type. The filename "%s" must end with *.json, *.yaml, or *.yml') % filepath)
+
+    if not os.path.exists(filepath):
+        return None
+
+    with open(filepath, encoding = "utf-8") as file:
+        return json.load(file) if filepath.endswith(".json") else YAML().load(file)  # type: ignore[no-any-return] # mypy
+
+
+def load_dict_from_module(module:ModuleType, filename:str, content_label:str = "") -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    :raises FileNotFoundError
+    """
+    LOG.debug("Loading %s[%s.%s]...", content_label and content_label + " from " or "", module.__name__, filename)
+
+    __, file_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+    if file_ext not in (".json", ".yaml", ".yml"):
+        raise ValueError(f'Unsupported file type. The filename "{filename}" must end with *.json, *.yaml, or *.yml')
+
+    content = get_resource_as_string(module, filename)  # pylint: disable=deprecated-method
+    return json.loads(content) if filename.endswith(".json") else YAML().load(content)  # type: ignore[no-any-return] # mypy
+
+
+def save_dict(filepath:str, content:dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    filepath = files.abspath(filepath)
+    LOG.info("Saving [%s]...", filepath)
+    with open(filepath, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as file:
+        if filepath.endswith(".json"):
+            file.write(json.dumps(content, indent = 2, ensure_ascii = False))
+        else:
+            yaml = YAML()
+            yaml.indent(mapping = 2, sequence = 4, offset = 2)
+            yaml.representer.add_representer(str,  # use YAML | block style for multi-line strings
+                lambda dumper, data:
+                    dumper.represent_scalar('tag:yaml.org,2002:str', data, style = '|' if '\n' in data else None)
+            )
+            yaml.allow_duplicate_keys = False
+            yaml.explicit_start = False
+            yaml.dump(content, file)
+
+
+def safe_get(a_map:dict[Any, Any], *keys:str) -> Any:
+    """
+    >>> safe_get({"foo": {}}, "foo", "bar") is None
+    True
+    >>> safe_get({"foo": {"bar": "some_value"}}, "foo", "bar")
+    'some_value'
+    """
+    if a_map:
+        for key in keys:
+            try:
+                a_map = a_map[key]
+            except (KeyError, TypeError):
+                return None
+    return a_map
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/error_handlers.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/error_handlers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6867b74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/error_handlers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import sys, traceback
+from types import FrameType, TracebackType
+from typing import Any, Final
+
+from . import loggers
+
+LOG:Final[loggers.Logger] = loggers.get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+def on_exception(ex_type:type[BaseException], ex_value:Any, ex_traceback:TracebackType | None) -> None:
+    if issubclass(ex_type, KeyboardInterrupt):
+        sys.__excepthook__(ex_type, ex_value, ex_traceback)
+    elif loggers.is_debug(LOG) or isinstance(ex_value, (AttributeError, ImportError, NameError, TypeError)):
+        LOG.error("".join(traceback.format_exception(ex_type, ex_value, ex_traceback)))
+    elif isinstance(ex_value, AssertionError):
+        LOG.error(ex_value)
+    else:
+        LOG.error("%s: %s", ex_type.__name__, ex_value)
+
+
+def on_sigint(_sig:int, _frame:FrameType | None) -> None:
+    LOG.warning("Aborted on user request.")
+    sys.exit(0)
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/files.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/files.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9840f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/files.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import os
+
+
+def abspath(relative_path:str, relative_to:str | None = None) -> str:
+    """
+    Makes a given relative path absolute based on another file/folder
+    """
+    if not relative_to:
+        return os.path.abspath(relative_path)
+
+    if os.path.isabs(relative_path):
+        return relative_path
+
+    if os.path.isfile(relative_to):
+        relative_to = os.path.dirname(relative_to)
+
+    return os.path.normpath(os.path.join(relative_to, relative_path))
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/i18n.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/i18n.py
similarity index 88%
rename from src/kleinanzeigen_bot/i18n.py
rename to src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/i18n.py
index a9dbc0c..f5ff5fe 100644
--- a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/i18n.py
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/i18n.py
@@ -7,14 +7,18 @@ import ctypes, gettext, inspect, locale, logging, os, sys
 from collections.abc import Sized
 from typing import Any, Final, NamedTuple
 
-from . import resources, utils  # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+from kleinanzeigen_bot import resources
+from . import reflect
+from . import dicts
 
 __all__ = [
     "Locale",
-    "get_translating_logger",
+    "get_current_locale",
+    "pluralize",
+    "set_current_locale",
+    "translate"
 ]
 
-LOG_ROOT:Final[logging.Logger] = logging.getLogger()
 LOG:Final[logging.Logger] = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
@@ -96,7 +100,7 @@ def translate(text:object, caller: inspect.FrameInfo | None) -> str:
     global _TRANSLATIONS
     if _TRANSLATIONS is None:
         try:
-            _TRANSLATIONS = utils.load_dict_from_module(resources, f"translations.{_CURRENT_LOCALE[0]}.yaml")
+            _TRANSLATIONS = dicts.load_dict_from_module(resources, f"translations.{_CURRENT_LOCALE[0]}.yaml")
         except FileNotFoundError:
             _TRANSLATIONS = {}
 
@@ -108,7 +112,7 @@ def translate(text:object, caller: inspect.FrameInfo | None) -> str:
     if module_name and module_name.endswith(f".{file_basename}"):
         module_name = module_name[:-(len(file_basename) + 1)]
     file_key = f"{file_basename}.py" if module_name == file_basename else f"{module_name}/{file_basename}.py"
-    translation = utils.safe_get(_TRANSLATIONS,
+    translation = dicts.safe_get(_TRANSLATIONS,
         file_key,
         caller.function,
         text
@@ -116,8 +120,9 @@ def translate(text:object, caller: inspect.FrameInfo | None) -> str:
     return translation if translation else text
 
 
+# replace gettext.gettext with custom _translate function
 _original_gettext = gettext.gettext
-gettext.gettext = lambda message: translate(_original_gettext(message), utils.get_caller())
+gettext.gettext = lambda message: translate(_original_gettext(message), reflect.get_caller())
 for module_name, module in sys.modules.items():
     if module is None or module_name in sys.builtin_module_names:
         continue
@@ -127,19 +132,6 @@ for module_name, module in sys.modules.items():
         setattr(module, 'gettext', gettext.gettext)
 
 
-def get_translating_logger(name: str | None = None) -> logging.Logger:
-
-    class TranslatingLogger(logging.Logger):
-
-        def _log(self, level: int, msg: object, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
-            if level != logging.DEBUG:  # debug messages should not be translated
-                msg = translate(msg, utils.get_caller(2))
-            super()._log(level, msg, *args, **kwargs)
-
-    logging.setLoggerClass(TranslatingLogger)
-    return logging.getLogger(name)
-
-
 def get_current_locale() -> Locale:
     return _CURRENT_LOCALE
 
@@ -161,7 +153,7 @@ def pluralize(noun:str, count:int | Sized, prefix_with_count:bool = True) -> str
     >>> pluralize("field", 2, prefix_with_count = False)
     'fields'
     """
-    noun = translate(noun, utils.get_caller())
+    noun = translate(noun, reflect.get_caller())
 
     if isinstance(count, Sized):
         count = len(count)
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/loggers.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/loggers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9171e32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/loggers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import copy, logging, re, sys
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from typing import Any, Final  # @UnusedImport
+
+import colorama
+from . import i18n, reflect
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Logger",
+    "LOG_ROOT",
+    "DEBUG",
+    "INFO",
+    "configure_console_logging",
+    "flush_all_handlers",
+    "get_logger"
+]
+
+Logger = logging.Logger
+DEBUG:Final[int] = logging.DEBUG
+INFO:Final[int] = logging.INFO
+
+LOG_ROOT:Final[logging.Logger] = logging.getLogger()
+
+
+def configure_console_logging() -> None:
+
+    class CustomFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+        LEVEL_COLORS = {
+            logging.DEBUG: colorama.Fore.BLACK + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
+            logging.INFO: colorama.Fore.BLACK + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
+            logging.WARNING: colorama.Fore.YELLOW,
+            logging.ERROR: colorama.Fore.RED,
+            logging.CRITICAL: colorama.Fore.RED,
+        }
+        MESSAGE_COLORS = {
+            logging.DEBUG: colorama.Fore.BLACK + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
+            logging.INFO: colorama.Fore.RESET,
+            logging.WARNING: colorama.Fore.YELLOW,
+            logging.ERROR: colorama.Fore.RED,
+            logging.CRITICAL: colorama.Fore.RED + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
+        }
+        VALUE_COLORS = {
+            logging.DEBUG: colorama.Fore.BLACK + colorama.Style.BRIGHT,
+            logging.INFO: colorama.Fore.MAGENTA,
+            logging.WARNING: colorama.Fore.MAGENTA,
+            logging.ERROR: colorama.Fore.MAGENTA,
+            logging.CRITICAL: colorama.Fore.MAGENTA,
+        }
+
+        def format(self, record:logging.LogRecord) -> str:
+            record = copy.deepcopy(record)
+
+            level_color = self.LEVEL_COLORS.get(record.levelno, "")
+            msg_color = self.MESSAGE_COLORS.get(record.levelno, "")
+            value_color = self.VALUE_COLORS.get(record.levelno, "")
+
+            # translate and colorize log level name
+            levelname = _(record.levelname) if record.levelno > logging.DEBUG else record.levelname
+            record.levelname = f"{level_color}[{levelname}]{colorama.Style.RESET_ALL}"
+
+            # highlight message values enclosed by [...], "...", and '...'
+            record.msg = re.sub(
+                r"\[([^\]]+)\]|\"([^\"]+)\"|\'([^\']+)\'",
+                lambda match: f"[{value_color}{match.group(1) or match.group(2) or match.group(3)}{colorama.Fore.RESET}{msg_color}]",
+                str(record.msg),
+            )
+
+            # colorize message
+            record.msg = f"{msg_color}{record.msg}{colorama.Style.RESET_ALL}"
+
+            return super().format(record)
+
+    formatter = CustomFormatter("%(levelname)s %(message)s")
+
+    stdout_log = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
+    stdout_log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+    stdout_log.addFilter(type("", (logging.Filter,), {
+        "filter": lambda rec: rec.levelno <= logging.INFO
+    }))
+    stdout_log.setFormatter(formatter)
+    LOG_ROOT.addHandler(stdout_log)
+
+    stderr_log = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
+    stderr_log.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
+    stderr_log.setFormatter(formatter)
+    LOG_ROOT.addHandler(stderr_log)
+
+
+def flush_all_handlers() -> None:
+    for handler in LOG_ROOT.handlers:
+        handler.flush()
+
+
+def get_logger(name: str | None = None) -> logging.Logger:
+    """
+    Returns a localized logger
+    """
+
+    class TranslatingLogger(logging.Logger):
+
+        def _log(self, level: int, msg: object, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+            if level != logging.DEBUG:  # debug messages should not be translated
+                msg = i18n.translate(msg, reflect.get_caller(2))
+            super()._log(level, msg, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    logging.setLoggerClass(TranslatingLogger)
+    return logging.getLogger(name)
+
+
+def is_debug(logger:Logger) -> bool:
+    return logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG)
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/misc.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/misc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5db73a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/misc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import asyncio, decimal, re, sys, time
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from datetime import datetime
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from typing import Any, TypeVar
+
+# https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/generics.html#generic-functions
+T = TypeVar('T')
+
+
+def ensure(condition:Any | bool | Callable[[], bool], error_message:str, timeout:float = 5, poll_requency:float = 0.5) -> None:
+    """
+    :param timeout: timespan in seconds until when the condition must become `True`, default is 5 seconds
+    :param poll_requency: sleep interval between calls in seconds, default is 0.5 seconds
+    :raises AssertionError: if condition did not come `True` within given timespan
+    """
+    if not isinstance(condition, Callable):  # type: ignore[arg-type] # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/6864
+        if condition:
+            return
+        raise AssertionError(_(error_message))
+
+    if timeout < 0:
+        raise AssertionError("[timeout] must be >= 0")
+    if poll_requency < 0:
+        raise AssertionError("[poll_requency] must be >= 0")
+
+    start_at = time.time()
+    while not condition():  # type: ignore[operator]
+        elapsed = time.time() - start_at
+        if elapsed >= timeout:
+            raise AssertionError(_(error_message))
+        time.sleep(poll_requency)
+
+
+def is_frozen() -> bool:
+    """
+    >>> is_frozen()
+    False
+    """
+    return getattr(sys, "frozen", False)
+
+
+async def ainput(prompt: str) -> str:
+    return await asyncio.to_thread(input, f'{prompt} ')
+
+
+def parse_decimal(number:float | int | str) -> decimal.Decimal:
+    """
+    >>> parse_decimal(5)
+    Decimal('5')
+    >>> parse_decimal(5.5)
+    Decimal('5.5')
+    >>> parse_decimal("5.5")
+    Decimal('5.5')
+    >>> parse_decimal("5,5")
+    Decimal('5.5')
+    >>> parse_decimal("1.005,5")
+    Decimal('1005.5')
+    >>> parse_decimal("1,005.5")
+    Decimal('1005.5')
+    """
+    try:
+        return decimal.Decimal(number)
+    except decimal.InvalidOperation as ex:
+        parts = re.split("[.,]", str(number))
+        try:
+            return decimal.Decimal("".join(parts[:-1]) + "." + parts[-1])
+        except decimal.InvalidOperation:
+            raise decimal.DecimalException(f"Invalid number format: {number}") from ex
+
+
+def parse_datetime(date:datetime | str | None) -> datetime | None:
+    """
+    >>> parse_datetime(datetime(2020, 1, 1, 0, 0))
+    datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 1, 0, 0)
+    >>> parse_datetime("2020-01-01T00:00:00")
+    datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 1, 0, 0)
+    >>> parse_datetime(None)
+
+    """
+    if date is None:
+        return None
+    if isinstance(date, datetime):
+        return date
+    return datetime.fromisoformat(date)
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/net.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/net.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a9435d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/net.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import socket
+
+
+def is_port_open(host:str, port:int) -> bool:
+    s:socket.socket | None = None
+    try:
+        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        s.settimeout(1)
+        s.connect((host, port))
+        return True
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+    finally:
+        if s:
+            s.close()
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/reflect.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/reflect.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..694af77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/reflect.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import inspect
+from typing import Any
+
+
+def get_caller(depth: int = 1) -> inspect.FrameInfo | None:
+    stack = inspect.stack()
+    try:
+        for frame in stack[depth + 1:]:
+            if frame.function and frame.function != "<lambda>":
+                return frame
+        return None
+    finally:
+        del stack  # Clean up the stack to avoid reference cycles
+
+
+def is_integer(obj:Any) -> bool:
+    try:
+        int(obj)
+        return True
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        return False
diff --git a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/web_scraping_mixin.py b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/web_scraping_mixin.py
similarity index 98%
rename from src/kleinanzeigen_bot/web_scraping_mixin.py
rename to src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/web_scraping_mixin.py
index abaabda..08f5341 100644
--- a/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/web_scraping_mixin.py
+++ b/src/kleinanzeigen_bot/utils/web_scraping_mixin.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
 SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
 """
-import asyncio, enum, inspect, json, logging, os, platform, secrets, shutil, time
+import asyncio, enum, inspect, json, os, platform, secrets, shutil, time
 from collections.abc import Callable, Coroutine, Iterable
 from gettext import gettext as _
 from typing import cast, Any, Final
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ from nodriver.core.config import Config
 from nodriver.core.element import Element
 from nodriver.core.tab import Tab as Page
 
-from .i18n import get_translating_logger
-from .utils import ensure, is_port_open, T
+from . import loggers, net
+from .misc import ensure, T
 
 __all__ = [
     "Browser",
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "WebScrapingMixin",
 ]
 
-LOG:Final[logging.Logger] = get_translating_logger(__name__)
+LOG:Final[loggers.Logger] = loggers.get_logger(__name__)
 
 # see https://api.jquery.com/category/selectors/
 METACHAR_ESCAPER:Final[dict[int, str]] = str.maketrans({ch: f'\\{ch}' for ch in '!"#$%&\'()*+,./:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~'})
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class WebScrapingMixin:
 
         if remote_port > 0:
             LOG.info("Using existing browser process at %s:%s", remote_host, remote_port)
-            ensure(is_port_open(remote_host, remote_port),
+            ensure(net.is_port_open(remote_host, remote_port),
                 f"Browser process not reachable at {remote_host}:{remote_port}. " +
                 f"Start the browser with --remote-debugging-port={remote_port} or remove this port from your config.yaml")
             cfg = Config(
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ class WebScrapingMixin:
             LOG.info(" -> Custom Browser argument: %s", browser_arg)
             browser_args.append(browser_arg)
 
-        if not LOG.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
+        if not loggers.is_debug(LOG):
             browser_args.append("--log-level=3")  # INFO: 0, WARNING: 1, ERROR: 2, FATAL: 3
 
         if self.browser_config.user_data_dir:
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ class WebScrapingMixin:
 
     async def web_sleep(self, min_ms:int = 1000, max_ms:int = 2500) -> None:
         duration = max_ms <= min_ms and min_ms or secrets.randbelow(max_ms - min_ms) + min_ms
-        LOG.log(logging.INFO if duration > 1500 else logging.DEBUG, " ... pausing for %d ms ...", duration)
+        LOG.log(loggers.INFO if duration > 1500 else loggers.DEBUG, " ... pausing for %d ms ...", duration)
         await self.page.sleep(duration / 1000)
 
     async def web_request(self, url:str, method:str = "GET", valid_response_codes:int | Iterable[int] = 200,
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index d19d1b0..861d32b 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -3,21 +3,21 @@ SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Jens Bergmann and contributors
 SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
 """
-import logging, os
+import os
 from typing import Any, Final
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 
 import pytest
 
-from kleinanzeigen_bot import KleinanzeigenBot, utils
+from kleinanzeigen_bot import KleinanzeigenBot
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils import loggers
 from kleinanzeigen_bot.extract import AdExtractor
-from kleinanzeigen_bot.i18n import get_translating_logger
-from kleinanzeigen_bot.web_scraping_mixin import Browser
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.web_scraping_mixin import Browser
 
-utils.configure_console_logging()
+loggers.configure_console_logging()
 
-LOG: Final[logging.Logger] = get_translating_logger("kleinanzeigen_bot")
-LOG.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+LOG:Final[loggers.Logger] = loggers.get_logger("kleinanzeigen_bot")
+LOG.setLevel(loggers.DEBUG)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def browser_mock() -> MagicMock:
     This mock is configured with the Browser spec to ensure it has all
     the required methods and attributes of a real Browser instance.
     """
-    return MagicMock(spec=Browser)
+    return MagicMock(spec = Browser)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
diff --git a/tests/integration/test_web_scraping_mixin.py b/tests/integration/test_web_scraping_mixin.py
index 809ed26..d0ae00c 100644
--- a/tests/integration/test_web_scraping_mixin.py
+++ b/tests/integration/test_web_scraping_mixin.py
@@ -3,18 +3,18 @@ SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
 SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
 """
-import logging, os, platform
+import os, platform
 from typing import cast
 
 import nodriver, pytest
 
-from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils import ensure
-from kleinanzeigen_bot.i18n import get_translating_logger
-from kleinanzeigen_bot.web_scraping_mixin import WebScrapingMixin
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils import loggers
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.misc import ensure
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.web_scraping_mixin import WebScrapingMixin
 
 if os.environ.get("CI"):
-    get_translating_logger("kleinanzeigen_bot").setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
-    get_translating_logger("nodriver").setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+    loggers.get_logger("kleinanzeigen_bot").setLevel(loggers.DEBUG)
+    loggers.get_logger("nodriver").setLevel(loggers.DEBUG)
 
 
 async def atest_init() -> None:
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_utils.py b/tests/unit/test_ads.py
similarity index 60%
rename from tests/unit/test_utils.py
rename to tests/unit/test_ads.py
index c63ceaa..f5740c9 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_utils.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_ads.py
@@ -3,31 +3,7 @@ SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
 SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
 """
-import pytest
-from kleinanzeigen_bot import utils
-
-
-def test_ensure() -> None:
-    utils.ensure(True, "TRUE")
-    utils.ensure("Some Value", "TRUE")
-    utils.ensure(123, "TRUE")
-    utils.ensure(-123, "TRUE")
-    utils.ensure(lambda: True, "TRUE")
-
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
-        utils.ensure(False, "FALSE")
-
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
-        utils.ensure(0, "FALSE")
-
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
-        utils.ensure("", "FALSE")
-
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
-        utils.ensure(None, "FALSE")
-
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
-        utils.ensure(lambda: False, "FALSE", timeout = 2)
+from kleinanzeigen_bot import ads
 
 
 def test_calculate_content_hash_with_none_values() -> None:
@@ -48,6 +24,6 @@ def test_calculate_content_hash_with_none_values() -> None:
     }
 
     # Should not raise TypeError
-    hash_value = utils.calculate_content_hash(ad_cfg)
+    hash_value = ads.calculate_content_hash(ad_cfg)
     assert isinstance(hash_value, str)
     assert len(hash_value) == 64  # SHA-256 hash is 64 characters long
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_extract.py b/tests/unit/test_extract.py
index 45af61b..f898461 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_extract.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_extract.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Jens Bergmann and contributors
 SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
 SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
 """
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, call, patch
 import pytest
 
 from kleinanzeigen_bot.extract import AdExtractor
-from kleinanzeigen_bot.web_scraping_mixin import Browser, By, Element
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.web_scraping_mixin import Browser, By, Element
 
 
 class _DimensionsDict(TypedDict):
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class _BelenConfDict(TypedDict):
     universalAnalyticsOpts: _UniversalAnalyticsOptsDict
 
 
-class _SpecialAttributesDict(TypedDict, total=False):
+class _SpecialAttributesDict(TypedDict, total = False):
     art_s: str
     condition_s: str
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class TestAdExtractorPricing:
         self, test_extractor: AdExtractor, price_text: str, expected_price: int | None, expected_type: str
     ) -> None:
         """Test price extraction with different formats"""
-        with patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=price_text):
+        with patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = price_text):
             price, price_type = await test_extractor._extract_pricing_info_from_ad_page()
             assert price == expected_price
             assert price_type == expected_type
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class TestAdExtractorPricing:
     # pylint: disable=protected-access
     async def test_extract_pricing_info_timeout(self, test_extractor: AdExtractor) -> None:
         """Test price extraction when element is not found"""
-        with patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock, side_effect=TimeoutError):
+        with patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock, side_effect = TimeoutError):
             price, price_type = await test_extractor._extract_pricing_info_from_ad_page()
             assert price is None
             assert price_type == "NOT_APPLICABLE"
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ class TestAdExtractorShipping:
     ) -> None:
         """Test shipping info extraction with different text formats."""
         with patch.object(test_extractor, 'page', MagicMock()), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=shipping_text), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_request', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_request:
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = shipping_text), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_request', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_request:
 
             if expected_cost:
                 shipping_response: dict[str, Any] = {
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ class TestAdExtractorShipping:
         }
 
         with patch.object(test_extractor, 'page', MagicMock()), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value="+ Versand ab 5,49 €"), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_request', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=shipping_response):
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = "+ Versand ab 5,49 €"), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_request', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = shipping_response):
 
             shipping_type, costs, options = await test_extractor._extract_shipping_info_from_ad_page()
 
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ class TestAdExtractorNavigation:
         page_mock.url = "https://www.kleinanzeigen.de/s-anzeige/test/12345"
 
         with patch.object(test_extractor, 'page', page_mock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_open, \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock, side_effect=TimeoutError):
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_open, \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock, side_effect = TimeoutError):
 
             result = await test_extractor.naviagte_to_ad_page("https://www.kleinanzeigen.de/s-anzeige/test/12345")
             assert result is True
@@ -186,16 +186,16 @@ class TestAdExtractorNavigation:
 
         submit_button_mock = AsyncMock()
         submit_button_mock.click = AsyncMock()
-        submit_button_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+        submit_button_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value = True)
 
         input_mock = AsyncMock()
         input_mock.clear_input = AsyncMock()
         input_mock.send_keys = AsyncMock()
-        input_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+        input_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value = True)
 
         popup_close_mock = AsyncMock()
         popup_close_mock.click = AsyncMock()
-        popup_close_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+        popup_close_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value = True)
 
         def find_mock(selector_type: By, selector_value: str, **_: Any) -> Element | None:
             if selector_type == By.ID and selector_value == "site-search-query":
@@ -207,10 +207,10 @@ class TestAdExtractorNavigation:
             return None
 
         with patch.object(test_extractor, 'page', page_mock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_open, \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_input', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_check', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=True), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock, side_effect=find_mock):
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_open, \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_input', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_check', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = True), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock, side_effect = find_mock):
 
             result = await test_extractor.naviagte_to_ad_page(12345)
             assert result is True
@@ -227,13 +227,13 @@ class TestAdExtractorNavigation:
         input_mock = AsyncMock()
         input_mock.clear_input = AsyncMock()
         input_mock.send_keys = AsyncMock()
-        input_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+        input_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value = True)
 
         with patch.object(test_extractor, 'page', page_mock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=input_mock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_click', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_click, \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_check', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=True):
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = input_mock), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_click', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_click, \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_check', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = True):
 
             result = await test_extractor.naviagte_to_ad_page(12345)
             assert result is True
@@ -248,12 +248,12 @@ class TestAdExtractorNavigation:
         input_mock = AsyncMock()
         input_mock.clear_input = AsyncMock()
         input_mock.send_keys = AsyncMock()
-        input_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+        input_mock.apply = AsyncMock(return_value = True)
         input_mock.attrs = {}
 
         with patch.object(test_extractor, 'page', page_mock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=input_mock):
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = input_mock):
 
             result = await test_extractor.naviagte_to_ad_page(99999)
             assert result is False
@@ -261,12 +261,12 @@ class TestAdExtractorNavigation:
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_extract_own_ads_urls(self, test_extractor: AdExtractor) -> None:
         """Test extraction of own ads URLs - basic test."""
-        with patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_sleep', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_find, \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find_all', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_find_all, \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_scroll_page_down', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_execute', new_callable=AsyncMock):
+        with patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_open', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_sleep', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_find, \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_find_all', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_find_all, \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_scroll_page_down', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_extractor, 'web_execute', new_callable = AsyncMock):
 
             # Setup mock objects for DOM elements
             splitpage = MagicMock()
@@ -280,18 +280,18 @@ class TestAdExtractorNavigation:
 
             # Setup mock responses for web_find
             mock_web_find.side_effect = [
-                splitpage,                # .l-splitpage
-                pagination_section,       # section:nth-of-type(4)
-                pagination,              # div > div:nth-of-type(2) > div:nth-of-type(2) > div
-                pagination_div,          # div:nth-of-type(1)
-                ad_list,                 # my-manageitems-adlist
-                link                     # article > section > section:nth-of-type(2) > h2 > div > a
+                splitpage,  # .l-splitpage
+                pagination_section,  # section:nth-of-type(4)
+                pagination,  # div > div:nth-of-type(2) > div:nth-of-type(2) > div
+                pagination_div,  # div:nth-of-type(1)
+                ad_list,  # my-manageitems-adlist
+                link  # article > section > section:nth-of-type(2) > h2 > div > a
             ]
 
             # Setup mock responses for web_find_all
             mock_web_find_all.side_effect = [
-                [MagicMock()],           # buttons in pagination
-                [cardbox]                # cardbox elements
+                [MagicMock()],  # buttons in pagination
+                [cardbox]  # cardbox elements
             ]
 
             # Execute test and verify results
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ class TestAdExtractorContent:
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def extractor(self) -> AdExtractor:
-        browser_mock = MagicMock(spec=Browser)
+        browser_mock = MagicMock(spec = Browser)
         config_mock = {
             "ad_defaults": {
                 "description": {
@@ -326,15 +326,15 @@ class TestAdExtractorContent:
         category_mock.attrs = {'href': '/s-kategorie/c123'}
 
         with patch.object(extractor, 'page', page_mock), \
-                patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_text, \
-                patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=category_mock), \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_category_from_ad_page', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value="17/23"), \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_special_attributes_from_ad_page', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value={}), \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_pricing_info_from_ad_page', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=(None, "NOT_APPLICABLE")), \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_shipping_info_from_ad_page', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=("NOT_APPLICABLE", None, None)), \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_sell_directly_from_ad_page', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=False), \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_download_images_from_ad_page', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=[]), \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_contact_from_ad_page', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value={}):
+                patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_text, \
+                patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = category_mock), \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_category_from_ad_page', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = "17/23"), \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_special_attributes_from_ad_page', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = {}), \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_pricing_info_from_ad_page', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = (None, "NOT_APPLICABLE")), \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_shipping_info_from_ad_page', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = ("NOT_APPLICABLE", None, None)), \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_sell_directly_from_ad_page', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = False), \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_download_images_from_ad_page', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = []), \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_contact_from_ad_page', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = {}):
 
             mock_web_text.side_effect = [
                 "Test Title",
@@ -358,11 +358,11 @@ class TestAdExtractorContent:
         ]
 
         for text, expected in test_cases:
-            with patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=text):
+            with patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = text):
                 result = await extractor._extract_sell_directly_from_ad_page()
                 assert result is expected
 
-        with patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock, side_effect=TimeoutError):
+        with patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock, side_effect = TimeoutError):
             result = await extractor._extract_sell_directly_from_ad_page()
             assert result is None
 
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ class TestAdExtractorCategory:
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def extractor(self) -> AdExtractor:
-        browser_mock = MagicMock(spec=Browser)
+        browser_mock = MagicMock(spec = Browser)
         config_mock = {
             "ad_defaults": {
                 "description": {
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ class TestAdExtractorCategory:
         second_part = MagicMock()
         second_part.attrs = {'href': '/s-spielzeug/c23'}
 
-        with patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_find:
+        with patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_find:
             mock_web_find.side_effect = [
                 category_line,
                 first_part,
@@ -404,14 +404,14 @@ class TestAdExtractorCategory:
             assert result == "17/23"
 
             mock_web_find.assert_any_call(By.ID, 'vap-brdcrmb')
-            mock_web_find.assert_any_call(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a:nth-of-type(2)', parent=category_line)
-            mock_web_find.assert_any_call(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a:nth-of-type(3)', parent=category_line)
+            mock_web_find.assert_any_call(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a:nth-of-type(2)', parent = category_line)
+            mock_web_find.assert_any_call(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a:nth-of-type(3)', parent = category_line)
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     # pylint: disable=protected-access
     async def test_extract_special_attributes_empty(self, extractor: AdExtractor) -> None:
         """Test extraction of special attributes when empty."""
-        with patch.object(extractor, 'web_execute', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_execute:
+        with patch.object(extractor, 'web_execute', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_execute:
             mock_web_execute.return_value = {
                 "universalAnalyticsOpts": {
                     "dimensions": {
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ class TestAdExtractorContact:
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def extractor(self) -> AdExtractor:
-        browser_mock = MagicMock(spec=Browser)
+        browser_mock = MagicMock(spec = Browser)
         config_mock = {
             "ad_defaults": {
                 "description": {
@@ -444,8 +444,8 @@ class TestAdExtractorContact:
     async def test_extract_contact_info(self, extractor: AdExtractor) -> None:
         """Test extraction of contact information."""
         with patch.object(extractor, 'page', MagicMock()), \
-                patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_text, \
-                patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_find:
+                patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_text, \
+                patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_find:
 
             mock_web_text.side_effect = [
                 "12345 Berlin - Mitte",
@@ -472,8 +472,8 @@ class TestAdExtractorContact:
     async def test_extract_contact_info_timeout(self, extractor: AdExtractor) -> None:
         """Test contact info extraction when elements are not found."""
         with patch.object(extractor, 'page', MagicMock()), \
-                patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock, side_effect=TimeoutError()), \
-                patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock, side_effect=TimeoutError()):
+                patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock, side_effect = TimeoutError()), \
+                patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock, side_effect = TimeoutError()):
 
             with pytest.raises(TimeoutError):
                 await extractor._extract_contact_from_ad_page()
@@ -483,8 +483,8 @@ class TestAdExtractorContact:
     async def test_extract_contact_info_with_phone(self, extractor: AdExtractor) -> None:
         """Test extraction of contact information including phone number."""
         with patch.object(extractor, 'page', MagicMock()), \
-                patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_text, \
-                patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_web_find:
+                patch.object(extractor, 'web_text', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_text, \
+                patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_web_find:
 
             mock_web_text.side_effect = [
                 "12345 Berlin - Mitte",
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ class TestAdExtractorDownload:
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def extractor(self) -> AdExtractor:
-        browser_mock = MagicMock(spec=Browser)
+        browser_mock = MagicMock(spec = Browser)
         config_mock = {
             "ad_defaults": {
                 "description": {
@@ -529,8 +529,8 @@ class TestAdExtractorDownload:
                 patch('os.makedirs') as mock_makedirs, \
                 patch('os.mkdir') as mock_mkdir, \
                 patch('shutil.rmtree') as mock_rmtree, \
-                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.extract.save_dict', autospec=True) as mock_save_dict, \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_ad_page_info', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_extract:
+                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.extract.dicts.save_dict', autospec = True) as mock_save_dict, \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_ad_page_info', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_extract:
 
             base_dir = 'downloaded-ads'
             ad_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'ad_12345')
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ class TestAdExtractorDownload:
     # pylint: disable=protected-access
     async def test_download_images_no_images(self, extractor: AdExtractor) -> None:
         """Test image download when no images are found."""
-        with patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock, side_effect=TimeoutError):
+        with patch.object(extractor, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock, side_effect = TimeoutError):
             image_paths = await extractor._download_images_from_ad_page("/some/dir", 12345)
             assert len(image_paths) == 0
 
@@ -586,8 +586,8 @@ class TestAdExtractorDownload:
                 patch('os.makedirs') as mock_makedirs, \
                 patch('os.mkdir') as mock_mkdir, \
                 patch('shutil.rmtree') as mock_rmtree, \
-                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.extract.save_dict', autospec=True) as mock_save_dict, \
-                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_ad_page_info', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_extract:
+                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.extract.dicts.save_dict', autospec = True) as mock_save_dict, \
+                patch.object(extractor, '_extract_ad_page_info', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_extract:
 
             base_dir = 'downloaded-ads'
             ad_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'ad_12345')
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_i18n.py b/tests/unit/test_i18n.py
index 7f4e041..11f86f1 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_i18n.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_i18n.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanze
 """
 import pytest
 from _pytest.monkeypatch import MonkeyPatch  # pylint: disable=import-private-name
-from kleinanzeigen_bot import i18n
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils import i18n
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("lang, expected", [
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_init.py b/tests/unit/test_init.py
index daf5cae..93e4896 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_init.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_init.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from ruamel.yaml import YAML
 
 from kleinanzeigen_bot import LOG, KleinanzeigenBot
 from kleinanzeigen_bot._version import __version__
-from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils import calculate_content_hash
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.ads import calculate_content_hash
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def mock_page() -> MagicMock:
     mock.wait_for_selector = AsyncMock()
     mock.wait_for_navigation = AsyncMock()
     mock.wait_for_load_state = AsyncMock()
-    mock.content = AsyncMock(return_value="<html></html>")
+    mock.content = AsyncMock(return_value = "<html></html>")
     mock.goto = AsyncMock()
     mock.close = AsyncMock()
     return mock
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ def mock_config_setup(test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot) -> Generator[None]:
     """Provide a centralized mock configuration setup for tests.
     This fixture mocks load_config and other essential configuration-related methods."""
     with patch.object(test_bot, 'load_config'), \
-            patch.object(test_bot, 'create_browser_session', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-            patch.object(test_bot, 'login', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-            patch.object(test_bot, 'web_request', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_request:
+            patch.object(test_bot, 'create_browser_session', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+            patch.object(test_bot, 'login', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+            patch.object(test_bot, 'web_request', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_request:
         # Mock the web request for published ads
         mock_request.return_value = {"content": '{"ads": []}'}
         yield
@@ -250,15 +250,15 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotConfiguration:
         sample_config_with_categories = sample_config.copy()
         sample_config_with_categories["categories"] = {}
 
-        with patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.load_dict_if_exists', return_value=None), \
+        with patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.dicts.load_dict_if_exists', return_value = None), \
                 patch.object(LOG, 'warning') as mock_warning, \
-                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.save_dict') as mock_save, \
-                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.load_dict_from_module') as mock_load_module:
+                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.dicts.save_dict') as mock_save, \
+                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.dicts.load_dict_from_module') as mock_load_module:
 
             mock_load_module.side_effect = [
                 sample_config_with_categories,  # config_defaults.yaml
-                {'cat1': 'id1'},      # categories.yaml
-                {'cat2': 'id2'}       # categories_old.yaml
+                {'cat1': 'id1'},  # categories.yaml
+                {'cat2': 'id2'}  # categories_old.yaml
             ]
 
             test_bot.load_config()
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ login:
 browser:
   arguments: []
 """
-        with open(config_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(config_path, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             f.write(config_content)
         test_bot.config_file_path = str(config_path)
 
@@ -300,13 +300,13 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAuthentication:
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_assert_free_ad_limit_not_reached_success(self, configured_bot: KleinanzeigenBot) -> None:
         """Verify that free ad limit check succeeds when limit not reached."""
-        with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_find', side_effect=TimeoutError):
+        with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_find', side_effect = TimeoutError):
             await configured_bot.assert_free_ad_limit_not_reached()
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_assert_free_ad_limit_not_reached_limit_reached(self, configured_bot: KleinanzeigenBot) -> None:
         """Verify that free ad limit check fails when limit is reached."""
-        with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_find', return_value=AsyncMock()):
+        with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_find', return_value = AsyncMock()):
             with pytest.raises(AssertionError) as exc_info:
                 await configured_bot.assert_free_ad_limit_not_reached()
             assert "Cannot publish more ads" in str(exc_info.value)
@@ -314,21 +314,21 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAuthentication:
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_is_logged_in_returns_true_when_logged_in(self, configured_bot: KleinanzeigenBot) -> None:
         """Verify that login check returns true when logged in."""
-        with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_text', return_value='Welcome testuser'):
+        with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_text', return_value = 'Welcome testuser'):
             assert await configured_bot.is_logged_in() is True
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_is_logged_in_returns_false_when_not_logged_in(self, configured_bot: KleinanzeigenBot) -> None:
         """Verify that login check returns false when not logged in."""
-        with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_text', side_effect=TimeoutError):
+        with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_text', side_effect = TimeoutError):
             assert await configured_bot.is_logged_in() is False
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_login_flow_completes_successfully(self, configured_bot: KleinanzeigenBot) -> None:
         """Verify that normal login flow completes successfully."""
         with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_open') as mock_open, \
-                patch.object(configured_bot, 'is_logged_in', side_effect=[False, True]) as mock_logged_in, \
-                patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_find', side_effect=TimeoutError), \
+                patch.object(configured_bot, 'is_logged_in', side_effect = [False, True]) as mock_logged_in, \
+                patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_find', side_effect = TimeoutError), \
                 patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_input') as mock_input, \
                 patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_click') as mock_click:
 
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAuthentication:
     async def test_login_flow_handles_captcha(self, configured_bot: KleinanzeigenBot) -> None:
         """Verify that login flow handles captcha correctly."""
         with patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_open'), \
-                patch.object(configured_bot, 'is_logged_in', return_value=False), \
+                patch.object(configured_bot, 'is_logged_in', return_value = False), \
                 patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_find') as mock_find, \
                 patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_await') as mock_await, \
                 patch.object(configured_bot, 'web_input'), \
@@ -351,11 +351,11 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAuthentication:
                 patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.ainput') as mock_ainput:
 
             mock_find.side_effect = [
-                AsyncMock(),      # Captcha iframe
-                TimeoutError(),   # Login form
-                TimeoutError(),   # Phone verification
-                TimeoutError(),   # GDPR banner
-                TimeoutError(),   # GDPR banner click
+                AsyncMock(),  # Captcha iframe
+                TimeoutError(),  # Login form
+                TimeoutError(),  # Phone verification
+                TimeoutError(),  # GDPR banner
+                TimeoutError(),  # GDPR banner click
             ]
             mock_await.return_value = True
             mock_ainput.return_value = ""
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotBasics:
         """Test closing browser session."""
         mock_close = MagicMock()
         test_bot.page = MagicMock()  # Ensure page exists to trigger cleanup
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'close_browser_session', new=mock_close):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'close_browser_session', new = mock_close):
             test_bot.close_browser_session()  # Call directly instead of relying on __del__
             mock_close.assert_called_once()
 
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotCommands:
     async def test_verify_command(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, tmp_path: Any) -> None:
         """Test verify command with minimal config."""
         config_path = Path(tmp_path) / "config.yaml"
-        with open(config_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(config_path, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             f.write("""
 login:
     username: test
@@ -571,21 +571,21 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdOperations:
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_run_delete_command_no_ads(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, mock_config_setup: None) -> None:  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
         """Test running delete command with no ads."""
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'load_ads', return_value=[]):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'load_ads', return_value = []):
             await test_bot.run(['script.py', 'delete'])
             assert test_bot.command == 'delete'
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_run_publish_command_no_ads(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, mock_config_setup: None) -> None:  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
         """Test running publish command with no ads."""
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'load_ads', return_value=[]):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'load_ads', return_value = []):
             await test_bot.run(['script.py', 'publish'])
             assert test_bot.command == 'publish'
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_run_download_command_default_selector(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, mock_config_setup: None) -> None:  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
         """Test running download command with default selector."""
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'download_ads', new_callable=AsyncMock):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'download_ads', new_callable = AsyncMock):
             await test_bot.run(['script.py', 'download'])
             assert test_bot.ads_selector == 'new'
 
@@ -603,21 +603,21 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdManagement:
     async def test_download_ads_with_specific_ids(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, mock_config_setup: None) -> None:  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
         """Test downloading ads with specific IDs."""
         test_bot.ads_selector = '123,456'
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'download_ads', new_callable=AsyncMock):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'download_ads', new_callable = AsyncMock):
             await test_bot.run(['script.py', 'download', '--ads=123,456'])
             assert test_bot.ads_selector == '123,456'
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_run_publish_invalid_selector(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, mock_config_setup: None) -> None:  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
         """Test running publish with invalid selector."""
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'load_ads', return_value=[]):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'load_ads', return_value = []):
             await test_bot.run(['script.py', 'publish', '--ads=invalid'])
             assert test_bot.ads_selector == 'due'
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_run_download_invalid_selector(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, mock_config_setup: None) -> None:  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
         """Test running download with invalid selector."""
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'download_ads', new_callable=AsyncMock):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'download_ads', new_callable = AsyncMock):
             await test_bot.run(['script.py', 'download', '--ads=invalid'])
             assert test_bot.ads_selector == 'new'
 
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdConfiguration:
     def test_load_config_with_categories(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, tmp_path: Any) -> None:
         """Test loading config with custom categories."""
         config_path = Path(tmp_path) / "config.yaml"
-        with open(config_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(config_path, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             f.write("""
 login:
     username: test
@@ -651,11 +651,11 @@ categories:
         # Create a minimal config with empty title to trigger validation
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             minimal_ad_config,
-            title=""  # Empty title to trigger length validation
+            title = ""  # Empty title to trigger length validation
         )
 
         yaml = YAML()
-        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             yaml.dump(ad_cfg, f)
 
         # Set config file path to tmp_path and use relative path for ad_files
@@ -675,11 +675,11 @@ categories:
         # Create config with invalid price type
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             minimal_ad_config,
-            price_type="INVALID_TYPE"  # Invalid price type
+            price_type = "INVALID_TYPE"  # Invalid price type
         )
 
         yaml = YAML()
-        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             yaml.dump(ad_cfg, f)
 
         # Set config file path to tmp_path and use relative path for ad_files
@@ -699,11 +699,11 @@ categories:
         # Create config with invalid shipping type
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             minimal_ad_config,
-            shipping_type="INVALID_TYPE"  # Invalid shipping type
+            shipping_type = "INVALID_TYPE"  # Invalid shipping type
         )
 
         yaml = YAML()
-        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             yaml.dump(ad_cfg, f)
 
         # Set config file path to tmp_path and use relative path for ad_files
@@ -723,12 +723,12 @@ categories:
         # Create config with price for GIVE_AWAY type
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             minimal_ad_config,
-            price_type="GIVE_AWAY",
-            price=100  # Price should not be set for GIVE_AWAY
+            price_type = "GIVE_AWAY",
+            price = 100  # Price should not be set for GIVE_AWAY
         )
 
         yaml = YAML()
-        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             yaml.dump(ad_cfg, f)
 
         # Set config file path to tmp_path and use relative path for ad_files
@@ -748,12 +748,12 @@ categories:
         # Create config with FIXED price type but no price
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             minimal_ad_config,
-            price_type="FIXED",
-            price=None  # Missing required price for FIXED type
+            price_type = "FIXED",
+            price = None  # Missing required price for FIXED type
         )
 
         yaml = YAML()
-        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             yaml.dump(ad_cfg, f)
 
         # Set config file path to tmp_path and use relative path for ad_files
@@ -773,8 +773,8 @@ categories:
         # Create config with invalid category and empty description to prevent auto-detection
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             minimal_ad_config,
-            category="999999",  # Non-existent category
-            description=None  # Set description to None to trigger validation
+            category = "999999",  # Non-existent category
+            description = None  # Set description to None to trigger validation
         )
 
         # Mock the config to prevent auto-detection
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ categories:
         }
 
         yaml = YAML()
-        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        with open(ad_file, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
             yaml.dump(ad_cfg, f)
 
         # Set config file path to tmp_path and use relative path for ad_files
@@ -804,14 +804,14 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdDeletion:
     async def test_delete_ad_by_title(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, minimal_ad_config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         """Test deleting an ad by title."""
         test_bot.page = MagicMock()
-        test_bot.page.evaluate = AsyncMock(return_value={"statusCode": 200, "content": "{}"})
+        test_bot.page.evaluate = AsyncMock(return_value = {"statusCode": 200, "content": "{}"})
         test_bot.page.sleep = AsyncMock()
 
         # Use minimal config since we only need title for deletion by title
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             minimal_ad_config,
-            title="Test Title",
-            id=None  # Explicitly set id to None for title-based deletion
+            title = "Test Title",
+            id = None  # Explicitly set id to None for title-based deletion
         )
 
         published_ads = [
@@ -819,10 +819,10 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdDeletion:
             {"title": "Other Title", "id": "11111"}
         ]
 
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'web_open', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_find, \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_click', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_check', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=True):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'web_open', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_find, \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_click', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_check', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = True):
             mock_find.return_value.attrs = {"content": "some-token"}
             result = await test_bot.delete_ad(ad_cfg, True, published_ads)
             assert result is True
@@ -831,13 +831,13 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdDeletion:
     async def test_delete_ad_by_id(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, minimal_ad_config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         """Test deleting an ad by ID."""
         test_bot.page = MagicMock()
-        test_bot.page.evaluate = AsyncMock(return_value={"statusCode": 200, "content": "{}"})
+        test_bot.page.evaluate = AsyncMock(return_value = {"statusCode": 200, "content": "{}"})
         test_bot.page.sleep = AsyncMock()
 
         # Create config with ID for deletion by ID
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             minimal_ad_config,
-            id="12345"
+            id = "12345"
         )
 
         published_ads = [
@@ -845,10 +845,10 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdDeletion:
             {"title": "Other Title", "id": "11111"}
         ]
 
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'web_open', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_find, \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_click', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_check', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=True):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'web_open', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_find, \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_click', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_check', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = True):
             mock_find.return_value.attrs = {"content": "some-token"}
             result = await test_bot.delete_ad(ad_cfg, False, published_ads)
             assert result is True
@@ -870,10 +870,10 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdRepublication:
         # Create ad config with all necessary fields for republication
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             base_ad_config,
-            id="12345",
-            updated_on="2024-01-01T00:00:00",
-            created_on="2024-01-01T00:00:00",
-            description="Changed description"
+            id = "12345",
+            updated_on = "2024-01-01T00:00:00",
+            created_on = "2024-01-01T00:00:00",
+            description = "Changed description"
         )
 
         # Create a temporary directory and file
@@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdRepublication:
             ad_file = ad_dir / "test_ad.yaml"
 
             yaml = YAML()
-            with open(ad_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            with open(ad_file, "w", encoding = "utf-8") as f:
                 yaml.dump(ad_cfg, f)
 
             # Set config file path and use relative path for ad_files
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdRepublication:
             test_bot.config['ad_files'] = ["ads/*.yaml"]
 
             # Mock the loading of the original ad configuration
-            with patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.load_dict', side_effect=[
+            with patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.dicts.load_dict', side_effect = [
                 ad_cfg,  # First call returns the original ad config
                 {}  # Second call for ad_fields.yaml
             ]):
@@ -902,14 +902,14 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdRepublication:
     def test_check_ad_republication_no_changes(self, test_bot: KleinanzeigenBot, base_ad_config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         """Test that unchanged ads within interval are not marked for republication."""
         current_time = datetime.utcnow()
-        three_days_ago = (current_time - timedelta(days=3)).isoformat()
+        three_days_ago = (current_time - timedelta(days = 3)).isoformat()
 
         # Create ad config with timestamps for republication check
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             base_ad_config,
-            id="12345",
-            updated_on=three_days_ago,
-            created_on=three_days_ago
+            id = "12345",
+            updated_on = three_days_ago,
+            created_on = three_days_ago
         )
 
         # Calculate hash before making the copy to ensure they match
@@ -919,8 +919,8 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotAdRepublication:
 
         # Mock the config to prevent actual file operations
         test_bot.config['ad_files'] = ['test.yaml']
-        with patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.load_dict_if_exists', return_value=ad_cfg_orig), \
-                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.load_dict', return_value={}):  # Mock ad_fields.yaml
+        with patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.dicts.load_dict_if_exists', return_value = ad_cfg_orig), \
+                patch('kleinanzeigen_bot.utils.dicts.load_dict', return_value = {}):  # Mock ad_fields.yaml
             ads_to_publish = test_bot.load_ads()
             assert len(ads_to_publish) == 0  # No ads should be marked for republication
 
@@ -939,9 +939,9 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotShippingOptions:
         # Create ad config with specific shipping options
         ad_cfg = create_ad_config(
             base_ad_config,
-            shipping_options=["DHL_2", "Hermes_Päckchen"],
-            created_on="2024-01-01T00:00:00",  # Add created_on to prevent KeyError
-            updated_on="2024-01-01T00:00:00"   # Add updated_on for consistency
+            shipping_options = ["DHL_2", "Hermes_Päckchen"],
+            created_on = "2024-01-01T00:00:00",  # Add created_on to prevent KeyError
+            updated_on = "2024-01-01T00:00:00"  # Add updated_on for consistency
         )
 
         # Create the original ad config and published ads list
@@ -959,26 +959,26 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotShippingOptions:
         ad_file = Path(tmp_path) / "test_ad.yaml"
 
         # Mock the necessary web interaction methods
-        with patch.object(test_bot, 'web_click', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_find', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_find, \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_select', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_input', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_open', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_sleep', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_check', new_callable=AsyncMock, return_value=True), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_request', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_execute', new_callable=AsyncMock), \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_find_all', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_find_all, \
-                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_await', new_callable=AsyncMock):
+        with patch.object(test_bot, 'web_click', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_find', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_find, \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_select', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_input', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_open', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_sleep', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_check', new_callable = AsyncMock, return_value = True), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_request', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_execute', new_callable = AsyncMock), \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_find_all', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_find_all, \
+                patch.object(test_bot, 'web_await', new_callable = AsyncMock):
 
             # Mock the shipping options form elements
             mock_find.side_effect = [
                 TimeoutError(),  # First call in assert_free_ad_limit_not_reached
-                AsyncMock(attrs={"content": "csrf-token-123"}),  # CSRF token
-                AsyncMock(attrs={"checked": True}),  # Size radio button check
-                AsyncMock(attrs={"value": "Klein"}),  # Size dropdown
-                AsyncMock(attrs={"value": "Paket 2 kg"}),  # Package type dropdown
-                AsyncMock(attrs={"value": "Päckchen"}),  # Second package type dropdown
+                AsyncMock(attrs = {"content": "csrf-token-123"}),  # CSRF token
+                AsyncMock(attrs = {"checked": True}),  # Size radio button check
+                AsyncMock(attrs = {"value": "Klein"}),  # Size dropdown
+                AsyncMock(attrs = {"value": "Paket 2 kg"}),  # Package type dropdown
+                AsyncMock(attrs = {"value": "Päckchen"}),  # Second package type dropdown
                 TimeoutError(),  # Captcha check
             ]
 
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ class TestKleinanzeigenBotShippingOptions:
             mock_find_all.return_value = []
 
             # Mock web_check to return True for radio button checked state
-            with patch.object(test_bot, 'web_check', new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_check:
+            with patch.object(test_bot, 'web_check', new_callable = AsyncMock) as mock_check:
                 mock_check.return_value = True
 
                 # Test through the public interface by publishing an ad
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_utils_misc.py b/tests/unit/test_utils_misc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96c15eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/test_utils_misc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © Sebastian Thomschke and contributors
+SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+SPDX-ArtifactOfProjectHomePage: https://github.com/Second-Hand-Friends/kleinanzeigen-bot/
+"""
+import pytest
+from kleinanzeigen_bot.utils import misc
+
+
+def test_ensure() -> None:
+    misc.ensure(True, "TRUE")
+    misc.ensure("Some Value", "TRUE")
+    misc.ensure(123, "TRUE")
+    misc.ensure(-123, "TRUE")
+    misc.ensure(lambda: True, "TRUE")
+
+    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+        misc.ensure(False, "FALSE")
+
+    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+        misc.ensure(0, "FALSE")
+
+    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+        misc.ensure("", "FALSE")
+
+    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+        misc.ensure(None, "FALSE")
+
+    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+        misc.ensure(lambda: False, "FALSE", timeout = 2)